In modern household plots, you can often find small beautiful ponds with water lilies on the surface or outdoor swimming pools. Modern technologies make it possible to carry out such a construction. At the same time, the owners of the territories must remember that the pond should be with a drain, which will greatly facilitate its operation in the future.
Pond discharge methods
Before constructing a pond, the owner of the site must determine not only the size, but also how the water from the reservoir will merge in the future. To avoid further problems, it is necessary to correctly approach the design of construction: the depth and size of the pit, the installation of the pipe at the bottom, its length and diameter, the installation of the bottom discharge device. Or you need to install a pump pump (manual or electric), with which the tank will be emptied.
It is important to build a reservoir so that the bottom has a slight bias towards the drain hole. This will allow for filtering, harvesting or catching all fish during drainage. The natural bottom of the soil tank must be designed so that it can be easily cleaned after draining the water. This creates the opportunity to grow bottom sludge in order to use it to increase the fertility of the infield.
Important! It should be borne in mind that only reservoirs with a natural soil bottom are suitable for growing fertile bottom sludge, and integral plastic tanks are completely unsuitable.
By pump
Every garden pond owner has heard of pond pumps, greatly facilitating their emptying when the time comes to drain. They can have various applications and vary significantly in technical parameters.
Such an adaptation will be especially necessary if the perimeter of the garden pond does not exceed 10 m² and the depth is 1 m. In such small tanks it is rather difficult to maintain biological balance, which guarantees the purity of water, especially if fish are launched there. The pond quickly becomes cloudy and overgrows with small algae. Then an active pump with a cleaning filter comes to the rescue. When building a small pond in the garden, the use of these devices is a must. They are also used for larger man-made lakes to greatly facilitate the care of them.
You should choose a device for pumping water with a filter, since its main purpose will be to work with a dirty liquid having various impurities. To select a pump with the required capacity, first you need to calculate the volume of the pond (m³). Of course, it can have different forms, and the calculation of the necessary parameters does not always boil down to only multiplying the length by the width and height, so it is recommended that the owner write down how much was poured into the tank when it was first filled. It is necessary that approximately half the contents of the container (in m³ / h) are pumped out in an hour. If the depth of the reservoir is below 75 cm and it is located in a very sunny place, which contributes to the rapid development of algae, the device should have even greater productivity (about 25% higher).Did you know? Bottom sludge does not contain oxygen, so it is not recommended to lay it on the beds immediately after extraction. This fertilizer, rich in organic matter, is recommended to be kept for several years in compost heaps.
Such a pump is located outside the tank (for example, to facilitate maintenance). However, the most important thing is that the device should be below the surface of the treated water. To ensure better circulation and minimize absorption of impurities, the filter is installed as far as possible from the pump. As a rule, it is fixed at the end of the pipe on the edge of the pond, in a place hidden between coastal plants.
Important! It is not recommended to choose a pump with too much power relative to the size of the filter device. This will lead to an excessively fast flow: the water will not be completely cleaned, and the filter will quickly become clogged.
Also, the owner of the site must pay attention to make the right choice of the filter itself. General rule: the power of the pump is selected so that within a minute the filter passes moisture 2.5 times its volume.
Bottom discharge
In stores for home and garden you can buy special devices for bottom discharge of water in ponds and pools, which simultaneously provide throughout the warm season aeration of the pond. They are mounted even at the stage of the construction of the bowl and installed in the lowest part of the recess. They are made of durable plastic and are suitable for various types of artificial structures (concrete or film). The design provides a replaceable filter for screening solid particles and other impurities.
Where can I drain water from a pond?
Simultaneously with the construction of the reservoir bowl, it is necessary to foresee where exactly the water will drain during the discharge. You can build a drainage well, the bottom of which will be covered with gravel, expanded clay, sand or other permeable materials. The moisture that has got into it is gradually absorbed into the ground. If there is a garden on the plot, you can lay a shallow drainage ditch as long as necessary to irrigate all the trees and bushes.
Did you know? You can easily find out that the time has come for a complete change of the contents of the pond. To do this, take a white plate and lower it into water to a depth of 10-15 cm, if only vague outlines are visible - it is time to begin cleaning work.
Sometimes the owner can reuse the same liquid to fill the tank, but after filtering. In this case, he should buy a metal or plastic tank of large volume or build another hole in the ground for these purposes. It should be noted that this method is used only for small decorative lakes. The industry offers high-power pump-type filter pumps, which gradually filter throughout the pond. This can be done, but the operation will take a lot of time, because the larger the pond, the longer the treatment will take.
Usually during the year it is enough to replace the contents of the bowl of the artificial reservoir once. The best time for this is mid or late autumn. This is especially true for structures with a soil bottom, since during this period the level of groundwater decreases.